The Law 11/2023 on digital accessibility, of May 8, marks a before and after in terms of universal accessibility in Spain. This standard transposes the Directive (EU) 2019/882, also known as the European Act of Accessibility. In addition, it establishes a series of legal obligations to ensure that digital products and services are accessible to all people, especially those with disabilities.
What is Law 11/2023 on digital accessibility and what does it transpose?
This law incorporates the European Directive 2019/882 into the Spanish legal system. Its objective is to harmonize accessibility requirements throughout the European Union. This regulation focuses on eliminating the barriers that prevent many people from using technological products and digital services.
In other words, it seeks to ensure that digital accessibility is not an option, but rather a legal and technical obligation.
What products and services does it affect?
The law establishes that certain essential products and services must meet specific accessibility criteria. Among them:
Products
- Computer equipment and operating systems
- Payment terminals
- E-book readers
- Smart mobile devices
- Interactive ATMs and vending machines
Services
- Websites and mobile applications of private companies
- E-commerce services
- Transport services (information, ticket purchase, apps)
- Online banking and financial services
- Electronic communication services (pdfs, newsletters, email…)
Who is obligated by this law?
The law affects both the public and private sectors, including:
- Large companies
- SMEs, except those with less than 10 employees or an annual turnover of less than 2 million euros.
- Entities that offer essential services to consumers.
Important: Even small businesses that offer essential products or services (such as online stores or digital banks) may be required to comply.
What are the accessibility requirements?
The technical requirements are based on European standards, especially:
- WCAG 2.1 level AA (for websites and apps)
- Standard EN 301 549 (functional accessibility requirements)
Among the requirements the following stand out:
- Proper color contrast
- Keyboard navigation
- Functional screen reading
- Clear and understandable information
- Compatibility with technical aids (screen readers, magnifying glasses, etc.)
When does it come into effect?
It came into force on June 28, 2025. After that date, all covered products and services must be accessible.
Additional deadlines:
- Products marketed before June 28, 2025: may be maintained until June 2030.
- New companies or new services: they must comply from their launch.
What happens if you don’t comply?
Failure to comply may lead to:
- Financial fines
- Sanctioning procedures by the administration
- Reputational risk and customer loss
In addition, affected persons can file complaints or initiate legal proceedings.
How to comply with the Digital Accessibility Law?
Here are the basic steps to adapt:
- Perform an accessibility audit (website, app, products).
- Consult the applicable standards (WCAG, EN 301 549).
- Correct the identified barriers with the help of professionals.
- Train your team in accessibility.
- Include accessibility in your design and development processes.
If you do not have internal resources, you can rely on a consulting firm specialized in digital accessibility.
Conclusion
This law is not only a legal obligation, it is an opportunity to build a fairer, inclusive and universal digital environment. Adapting not only avoids sanctions, but improves your reputation, your reach and your social impact.
